• A salt block (either white or trace mineralized (red)) should always be available. • Goats should be provided with shelter protects them from heavy rain, snow, sun, and drafts. There should be enough air circulation to control humidity without being drafty. • Sanitary conditions should be maintained (there should be dry, clean bedding). Kids are especially susceptible to unsanitary conditions. Additional recommendations • Goats should have their hooves trimmed at least once a year and up to four times a year, depending on the type of ground they are housed on. • Goats should be vaccinated for rabies, tetanus, and other diseases once a year. They should be dewormed two to four times a year to prevent disease and parasites. Signs of neglect or cruelty Appearance: excessive hoof length (check whether the sides are overgrown and curled under the bottom of the hoof); limping; ”walking” on knees; swollen, hot, red udder; dark blue or grey udder, if gangrenous; chunks or discoloration in milk; very thin body (normally should feel slight padding over bony areas); hoof rot, with soft hooves and black discharge/ buildup as symptoms (common in goats with a copper deficiency or goats kept in wet, filthy conditions; the hooves are painful when touched and hurt when the goat walks) Housing conditions: too many animals to permit free movement; lack of food, water, and shelter; overcrowding (insufficient manger space for the number of goats, a condition which causes the weakest goats to be excluded from the food source); filth Behavior: dullness, minimal responsiveness, disinterest in surroundings (well-cared- 74 The Humane Society of the United States for goats are very friendly and curious); drooping head; biting at self; rubbing on objects to relieve itching from lice; butting one another (if overcrowded and bucks are present) If any of these elements is present, call a veterinarian to examine the animal(s). Pigs Terminology • Female: Sow • Young female: Gilt (female that has not yet given birth) • Male: Boar • Castrated male: Barrow • Young weaned pig, either sex: Shoat Basic animal care standards • Fresh, clean water should be accessible at all times. • Pigs should be fed complete pig ration at least twice a day. In addition, they can be fed table leftovers that are free of any plastic spoons, wrappers, animal bones, etc., as well as vegetables and fruits. The feeding area should be large enough to allow all animals access to food. • Pigs don’t need a salt block as long as they receive a minimum of one Animal care standards for some common animals
20028HS
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