FLORIDA’S WORST WEEDS The Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council's Category 1 Invasive Exotic Plant Species List BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME GOV LISTS FL REGIONS Abrus precatorius rosary pea F C, S Acacia auriculiformis earleaf acacia C, S Albizia julibrissin mimosa, silk tree N, C Albizia lebbeck woman’s tongue C, S Ardisia crenata coral ardisia F N, C, S Ardisia elliptica shoebutton ardisia F C, S Asparagus aethiopicus asparagus-fern N, C, S (A. sprengeri, A. densiflorus) Bauhinia variegata orchid tree C, S Bischofia javanica bishopwood C, S Calophyllum antillanum Santa Maria, mast wood S (C. calaba) Casuarina equisetifolia Australian-pine F N, C, S Casuarina glauca suckering Australian-pine F C, S Cinnamomum camphora camphor tree N, C, S Colocasia esculenta wild taro N, C, S Colubrina asiatica lather leaf F S Cupaniopsis anacardioides carrotwood F C, S Deparia petersenii Japanese false spleenwort N, C Dioscorea alata winged yam F N, C, S Dioscorea bulbifera air-potato F N, C, S Eichhornia crassipes water-hyacinth F N, C, S Eugenia uniflora Surinam cherry C, S Ficus microcarpa1 laurel fig C,S (F. nitida and F. retusa var. nitida) Hydrilla verticillata hydrilla F, U N, C, S Hygrophila polysperma green hygro F, U N, C, S Hymenachne amplexicaulis West Indian marsh grass N, C, S Imperata cylindrica cogon grass F, U N, C, S Ipomoea aquatica water-spinach F, U C Jasminum dichotomum Gold Coast jasmine C, S Jasminum fluminense Brazilian jasmine C, S Lantana camara lantana, shrub verbena N, C, S (L. strigocamara) Ligustrum lucidum glossy privet N, C Ligustrum sinense Chinese privet F3 N, C, S Lonicera japonica Japanese honeysuckle N, C, S Ludwigia hexapetala Uruguay waterprimrose N, C Ludwigia peruviana Peruvian primrosewillow N, C, S Lumnitzera racemosa black mangrove S Luziola subintegra tropical American watergrass S www.Flor idaNat iveNurser ies.org | www.Nat ivePlantShow.com 57 THE LIST IS GROWING. When FANN published the FLEPPC list ten years ago, there were 68 Category 1 plants. Now, there are 80. Economic interests in importing and selling these plants continues to override environmental interests. Only YOU can make the difference by not specifying, growing or planting these weeds. CATEGORY 1 plant species listed are invasive exotics that are altering native plant communities by displacing native species, changing community structures or ecological functions, or hybridizing with natives. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused. ABOUT THE FLORIDA EXOTIC PEST PLANT COUNCIL The Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council (FLEPPC) is a non-profit organization founded in 1984 by scientists and land management professionals from federal, state and local government agencies as well as private industry. FLEPPC’s mission is to support the management of invasive exotic plants in Florida’s natural areas by providing a forum for the exchange of scientific, educational and technical information. FLEPPC is not a regulatory agency. www.fleppc.org ABOUT THE LIST Purpose: to provide a list of plants determined by the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council to be invasive in natural areas of Florida and to routinely update the list based on information of newly identified occurrences and changes in distribution over time. Also, to focus attention on: • the adverse effects exotic pest plants have on Florida’s biodiversity and native plant communities, • the habitat losses in natural areas from exotic pest plant infestations, • the impacts on endangered species via habitat loss and alteration, • the need for pest-plant management, • the socio-economic impacts of these plants (e.g., increased wildfires or flooding in certain areas), • changes in the severity of different pest plant infestations over time, • providing information to help managers set priorities for research and control programs. **Plant names are those published in “Guide to Vascular Plants of Florida Third Edition.” Richard P. Wunderlin and Bruce F. Hansen. University of Florida Press. 2011. Plant names in parentheses are synonyms or misapplied names that have commonly occurred in the literature and/or indicate a recent name change. Not all synonyms are listed. Definitions Exotic – a species introduced to Florida, purposefully or accidentally, from a natural range outside of Florida. Native – a species whose natural range includes Florida. Naturalized exotic – an exotic that sustains itself outside cultivation (it is still exotic; it has not “become” native). Invasive exotic – an exotic that not only has naturalized, but is expanding on its own in Florida native plant communities. Abbreviations Gov. List (Government List): Possession, propagation, sale, and/or transport of these plants is regulated by: F=Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services; U=United States Department of Agriculture FL regions: N = north, C = central, S = south, referring to each species’ general distribution in regions of Florida (not its potential range in the state). NOTE: FANN has made a few minor editorial changes for publication clarity, including, for example, using the header “FL regions” instead of “Zones” in presenting the list. 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