Investigating Animal Cruelty 73 corn, or mixtures, but the mixture must be designated as sheep feed because cow feed mixes include too much copper, which is poisonous to sheep. • A white salt or ”sheep salt” block should be available at all times. (Avoid red salt blocks because they contain excess copper.) • Sheep should be provided with shelter that affords them protection from heavy rain, snow, high wind, and sun. They should have a dry place to rest. Additional recommendations • Sheep should be de-wormed two to four times a year to prevent disease. Lambs may need routine worming over the summer (about every six weeks) based on veterinary advice. • Veterinary care should include yearly vaccinations for rabies, enterotoxemia (over-eating disease), and tetanus. • Sheep should have their hooves trimmed once a year. • Sheep should be sheared each spring to prevent matting and overheating in the summer and maggots from fecal matter trapped in the wool. Signs of neglect or cruelty Appearance: thin body (you must feel the body of an unshorn (unclipped) sheep to determine whether it is underweight); maggots in genital area of unshorn female sheep; excessive hoof length (check whether the sides are overgrown and curled under the bottom of the hoof); limping; ”walking” on knees. Housing conditions: lack of food, water, and shelter; overcrowding (insufficient manger space for the number of sheep, which causes the weakest sheep to be excluded from the food source) Behavior: dullness, minimal responsiveness; drooping head; animals rubbing up against objects in an effort to relieve itching from lice Note that sheep are fearful of strangers, so shyness is not a symptom of neglect. If any of these elements is present, call a veterinarian to examine the animal(s). Goats Terminology • Female: Doe • Male: Buck • Castrated male: Wether • Young goat of either sex: Kid Basic animal care standards • Fresh, clean water should be accessible at all times. • Goats hould have good quality hay available or they should be able to graze at all times. Grain should be provided if the animal is growing, pregnant, or being milked. Animal care standards for some common animals
20028HS
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