to install, terminate and test an M12
style connector (see Figure 5). These
connectors are often used when
connecting end devices in harsh
environments. The M12 D code style
as shown in Figure 6 uses only two
wire pairs. Therefore, a typical
permanent link or channel test
cannot be used, since it will be
looking for all 4 pair. Special test
adapters or cables are also required
to facilitate testing of the
M12 connectors.
Devices may also be connected
in a ring or linear topology
depending on equipment layout
and the criticality of the connected
devices to the machine or process.
Since each installed cable is not
home run to a common rack or
switch enclosure, as in the
traditional star topology which
most installers are accustomed to,
it is imperative that a standards
compliant and easy to follow
labelling scheme is established
to properly support these topologies.
26 I ICT TODAY
It is also quite common for
industrial clients to have their own
unique specifications for various
pathway types throughout their
plant. Installers need to know how
to properly install several types
of conduit, including schedule
40 galvanized steel, aluminum,
stainless, and non-metallic (PVC)
conduits; thin wall (EMT) conduit;
and several types of tray (e.g., basket,
ladder, channel). Besides client
standards or preferences, there
are applications where electrical
codes will denote material type
and methodology. Hazardous or
classified areas, as defined by
NEC/CEC, exist throughout various
industries. It is important for an
installer to be aware of these areas
and understand the code
requirements for installing pathways
through these spaces, as well as
installing work area outlets. The
designer will likely specify
components, but the installer is
responsible to ensure the
components are assembled properly
so the desired safety intent is met.
Hazardous and classified areas are
grouped into categories and can use
either a Class and Division or a Zone
type rating. For further information
on the definitions and approved
installation methods in these areas,
please review the appropriate
sections of the electrical code
pertinent to the geography of
the project.
The challenges encountered when
installing a grounding/bonding
system within an industrial
environment are prevalent due
to the dynamic nature of the
electrical distribution and control
systems. In other than industrial
buildings, the electrical distribution
system is generally designed to be
relatively static. The infrastructure,
right down to powering the
equipment and user devices,
is built to support the needs of the
occupants for the duration of the
building life, and large power use
FIGURE 5: Example of a typical
M12 connector body.
FIGURE 6: Example of M12-X Code (8 pin) and
M12-D Code (4 pin) connectors.